Original Research Article
Year: 2019 | Month: June | Volume: 9 | Issue: 6 | Pages: 47-54
A Study on Cervical Pap Smear Examination in Women Living With HIV Infection
Wahane Aparna R1, Kale Kalpana M2, Aswar Nandkeshav R3
1Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Government Medical College, Akola (Maharashtra- India)
2Associate Professor, Department of Community Medicine Government Medical College, Miraj (Maharashtra- India)
3Associate Professor, Department of Community Medicine Government Medical College, Miraj (Maharashtra- India)
Corresponding Author: Aswar Nandkeshav R
ABSTRACT
Introduction: HIV infected women have a higher risk of HPV infection associated cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Cancer of cervix is preventable condition if detected and treated in pre invasive stage. Pap smear examination is a simple, cheap, safe diagnostic tool for early detection of abnormal cervical epitheliums.
This study is planned to determine the prevalence and patterns of abnormal cervical smears and to correlate it with some socio-demographic factors, in HIV positive females.
Material and methods: This prospective cross sectional study was conducted from 1st August 2017 to 30th September 2017 at Government Medical College and Hospital Akola.
Total 187 HIV positive women attending the ICTC center for treatment of ART were considered for the study. Information about age, marital status, age at marriage, parity and socioeconomic status, history of STD and about ART of the participants was obtained as per the pre tested semi structured questionnaire. All participants were investigated for CD4 count and Pap smears were collected from these women. Laboratory results were reported according to the Bethesda System for Reporting Cervical Cytology.
The data so collected was analyzed by Epi Info version 7.0.
Results: Mean age of the participants was 36.9 years. The youngest participants were 19 years old while oldest was 55 years. 80.2% had NILM while 17.7 % had ASCUS and 2.1 % had LSIL.
Cervical epithelial cell abnormalities found to be more in participants having age above 50 years (64.71%), in widow/divorced group (21.84%), in women who married before 20 years of age (22.4%). in women belonging to Lower, Lower Middle or Middle class (22.4%), in participants with parity more than two (21.1%).
48.1% women with CD4 count less than 400, 32.5% females having history of STDs and 31.4% females showing less than 90% adherence to ART showed abnormal Pap smear.
Key words: HIV, NILM, ASCUS, LSIL, CD4 count, Pap smear