Original Research Article
Year: 2018 | Month: May | Volume: 8 | Issue: 5 | Pages: 67-74
Role of Lecithin Cholesterol Acyl Transferase Activity and Apolipoprotein A-1 Level in Type 2 Diabetes
Mr. Apurva Jha1, Dr. Z.G. Badade2, Dr. Kavita More3
1Tutor, Department of Biochemistry, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
2Professor, Department of Biochemistry, MGM Medical College, Navi Mumbai, India
3Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, MGM Medical College, Navi Mumbai, India
Corresponding Author: Mr. Apurva Jha
ABSTRACT
Aims: Role of Lecithin Cholesterol Acyl Transferase Activity and Apolipoprotein A-I Level In Type 2 Diabetes
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycaemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Type 2 diabetes continues to be one of the most common and important public health crises worldwide. LCAT secreted by the liver and enzyme producing most plasma cholesteryl esters and a key participant in the process of reverse cholesterol transport. The protein associated with lipoproteins, called Apolipoproteins. Apolipoproteins activates enzymes important in lipoprotein metabolism and act as legends for cell surface receptors. This study therefore aims to determine the activity of LCAT & APO A-1 among diabetes mellitus patients.
Methods: forty patients (Age range 25-70 years) with type 2 diabetes and forty patients (Age range 25-70 years) age-matched controls were studied. LCAT activity was assessed by measuring the difference between esterified and free cholesterol. Determination of free and esterified cholesterol was done by using digitonin precipitation method. Apolipoprotein A-I was measured by immune turbidemetric method using semi auto analyzer. HDL cholesterol level was measured by CHOD-POD method.
Results: In this study, Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglyceride and small, dense lipoprotein cholesterol were all significantly higher in diabetes patients than controls except HDL compared to control subjects. It also shows that there were significantly decreased LCAT activity & Apolipoprotein A-I level in type 2 diabetes subjects as compared to control subjects.
Conclusion: In the Present study, we found strong correlation of LCAT activity and Apolipoprotein AI with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Thus, decreased concentration of LCAT activity may be due to glycation of LCAT, due to this, undesirable structural changes occurs in HDL, that reduced the functional capacity of HDL in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and it also contributes in the development of atherosclerosis in detected type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Key words: Diabetes Mellitus, LCAT, Apolipoprotein A-I, Reverse Cholesterol Transport (RCT).