Original Research Article
Year: 2018 | Month: March | Volume: 8 | Issue: 3 | Pages: 99-104
Study of Salivary Electrolytes in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients with Active Caries
Mariam Faisal Aburuzaiza1, Amal M. Aldeeb2, Fathy M. Elfasakhany3
1Dental intern, 2Professor of Oral Pathology, Department of Basic and Clinical Oral Sciences,
Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia,
3Associate professor of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Basic and Clinical Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta, Egypt,
Corresponding Author: Mariam Faisal Aburuzaiza
ABSTRACT
Background: Dental cariesis a major oral health problem in most countries. It is defined as the breakdown of the hard tooth structure due to activities of bacteria. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic, life-long condition which occurs because either the pancreas can’t produce enough insulin or the target cells in the body have become resistant to insulin. People with diabetes mellitus have predisposing factors to increased risk of dental caries. Saliva is an indicator of health of the oral cavity and containing many elements like sodium, magnesium, potassium and chloride that can be used as a biomarkers. Salivary biomarkers are utilized to measure and evaluate the normal biologic and pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic responses.
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the salivary electrolyte levels (K,Cl and Na) between caries active type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and caries active non-diabetic patients.
Material and methods: This study included 40 randomly selected adult individuals classified into three groups, 10 caries free individuals (control group),15 subjects with T2DM and active dental caries, 15 non diabetic patients with active dental caries. Analysis was performed using SPSS software version 17. DMFTscore (Decayed, Missing, Filled Tooth) was calculated for each patient. Unstimulated saliva from each patient was collected into sterile tubes after the use of the mouth rinse with 15 ml of distilled water and Salivary sodium, potassium and chloride were determined using Elyte 3 Kit and using spectrophotometric technique.
Results: Salivary potassium is significantly higher in T2DM with active caries than control group. There was no statistically significant difference of salivary Cl and Na between all groups (P >0.05).
Conclusions: It could be concluded that there is a positive relationship between salivary electrolyte levels (salivary potassium) and diabetes mellitus with dental caries thannondiabetic patients with active caries or the control subjects.
Key words: salivary sodium, potassium, chloride, dental caries, T2DM