Review Article
Year: 2018 | Month: October | Volume: 8 | Issue: 10 | Pages: 269-279
Systematic Review on Association between Iodine Level during Pregnancy and Its Outcomes
Tripathi Prashant1, Rao Yashwant2, Mishra Malvika3
1Assistant. Prof., Department of Biochemistry, 2HOD, Department of Paediatrics,
3Research Assistant, Department of Paediatrics;
GSVM Medical College, Kanpur
Corresponding Author: Tripathi Prashant
ABSTRACT
Pregnant women are at the higher risk of developing iodine deficiency during the pregnancy period that affects normal functioning of thyroid hormones consequently normal growth and development of foetus as well as pregnant women health gets affected. The foremost changes in thyroid function associated with pregnancy are due to an increase in hormone necessities that begin in the first trimester of gestation. This rise can only be met by a proportional upsurge in hormone production, somewhat which depends directly upon the concentration of iodine. This systematic review focused on published articles, studied the association between moderate to severe iodine deficiency in pregnant women and children. Overall results showed that moderate-to-severe iodine deficiency increases rates of impulsive abortion, reduces birth weight, and increases infant mortality during pregnancy. Offspring of iodine deficient mothers are at high risk for cognitive disability, with cretinism being the most severe manifestation. Throughout childhood moderate-to-severe iodine deficiency reduces somatic growth.
Key words: Iodine, Pregnancy, Thyroid, Mortality.