Original Research Article
Year: 2017 | Month: January | Volume: 7 | Issue: 1 | Pages: 253-258
A Study on Dietary and Physical Modification among Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Neda Shamim1, Virginia Paul2, Eloni Vida1
1Research Scholar, Department of Foods & Nutrition, ESHS, SHIATS.
2Associate Professor, Department of Foods & Nutrition, ESHS, SHIATS.
Corresponding Author: Neda Shamim
ABSTRACT
Background: Changes in dietary pattern and sedentary lifestyle increases the risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus that affect the fetal outcome and also increase the chances of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus in later stages of life.
Aim: The objective of the study is to assess the food habits and daily nutrient intake of GDM women, to assess the change in physical activity and to assess the perceived dietary changes occur in GDM patients.
Methods: Total 60 subjects from 3 different hospitals were enrolled by random sampling from 3 blocks of Allahabad district. Anthropometric measurements were taken for calculating BMI. Dietary intake and physical activity levels were collected by interviewing the subjects using a validated questionnaire.
Statistical analysis: Mean test was applied for deducting the relevant results.
Results: The results indicate that majority of women had a higher pre-pregnancy weight and BMI. Presence of family history of Type 2 diabetes was 60%. The mean Energy and Protein intake was slightly lower than the RDA. There was excess consumption of Fat and CHO. Calcium and Iron was also deficit by 12% and 26% respectively. Sedentary lifestyle was seen in majority of women.
Conclusion: The glaring fact was the consumption of energy-dense diet, high in saturated fat, low in unrefined CHO, deficit Calcium and Iron intake contributed to nutritional inadequacy in GDM women. Lifestyle was sedentary among these women; hence, the emphasis is on physical activity levels, because it is known to be beneficial and safe during pregnancy.
Key words: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Dietary Pattern, Carbohydrate, Physical Activity.