Original Research Article
Year: 2014 | Month: February | Volume: 4 | Issue: 2 | Pages: 78-85
Echocardiographic Study of Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus
B.A.Shetty1, Vikram G.S2, Uttam U. Shettigar3
1Associate Professor, 2Senior Resident, 33ostgraduate Student,
Department of General Medicine, A.J. Institute of Medical Sciences, Kuntikana, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
Corresponding Author: Uttam U. Shettigar
ABSTRACT
People with diabetes have an increased prevalence of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease and experience higher morbidity and mortality after acute coronary syndrome and myocardial infarction than people without diabetes. This study intends to assess Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in diabetes mellitus patients by an echocardiography with an intention to detect patients with left ventricular dysfunction at an early stage. This was a prospective study, conducted on 30 diabetic patients in A.J Institute of Medical Sciences, Mangalore who presented between July 2009 – July 2011. They were clinically evaluated and underwent relevant investigations. Echocardiography and Doppler study has been conducted on each patient as a part of screening for diastolic dysfunction. Among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who were admitted without any history of myocardial infarction, hypertension, angina pectoris or any other cardiac disease, who were diabetic for at least 5 years. Out of 30 subjects 18 (60%) were found to have diastolic dysfunction with systolic function being normal. Among 30 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, 20 (66.7%) were male and 10 (33.3%) were females. Out of 30 subjects 12 (40%) have family history of diabetes mellitus. Out of 30 subjects 9 (30%) were < 40 years of age, 12 (40%) were between 40 – 60 years of age, 9 (30%) were > 60 years of age. Significant differences in the parameters of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction were found. These findings suggest that relaxation properties deteriorate in diabetics more rapidly than in healthy subjects. These results contribute to better understanding of pathological process resulting in cardiac failure in diabetic patients and support the optimum therapeutic strategies. This concludes that early diagnosis, treatment is essential to prevent further complications.
Key words: Diabetes Mellitus; Echocardiography; Diastolic dysfunction; Cardiomyopathy; Heart Failure.