Year: 2024 | Month: November | Volume: 14 | Issue: 11 | Pages: 261-268
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20241129
Vitamin D Status and Its Association with Lifestyle and Metabolic Variables Among Adult Male in Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study
Brihaspati Rimal1, Sindhu KC2, Sanjay Ray Yadav3, Sanjay Kumar4, Satish Kumar Sharma5, Shila Shrestha2, Mohd Babu Khan6
1PhD Scholar, School of Life and Allied Health Sciences, Glocal University Mirzapur Pole, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
2Lecturer, Department of Pharmacology, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal
3Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal
4Professor, Glocal College of Paramedical Science and Research Centre, Glocal University Mirzapur Pole, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
5Pro Vice-chancellor, Glocal University Mirzapur Pole, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
6Assistant Professor, Glocal School of Life and Natural Sciences, Glocal University Mirzapur Pole, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
Corresponding Author: Mohd Babu Khan
ABSTRACT
Background: Vitamin D plays a crucial role in various physiological processes, including metabolic regulation. This study aimed to investigate the association between vitamin D status and metabolic and lifestyle variables among adult males in Nepal.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from May 1 to June 12, 2024, in Bharatpur Metropolitan City, Chitwan, Nepal. A sample of 131 men aged 18-70 years was selected using the Cochran formula at a 95% confidence level. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels were measured to categorize vitamin D status as deficient (<20 ng/ml), insufficient (20-30 ng/ml), or sufficient (>30 ng/ml). Metabolic variables, including body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), cholesterol, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), were collected. Lifestyle factors like age, smoking, alcohol consumption, and diet type were also assessed. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23, with significance set at p < 0.05.
Results: Vitamin D deficiency was significantly associated with higher WHR (p = .000), BMI (p = .000), cholesterol (p = .007), triglycerides (p = .001), and lower HDL levels (p = .000), compared to sufficient vitamin D levels. However, no significant associations were found between vitamin D status and lifestyle factors such as age (p = .657), smoking (p = .356), alcohol consumption (p = .245), and diet type (p = .903).
Conclusion: The study highlights significant relationships between vitamin D status and metabolic markers including WHR, BMI, cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL. Monitoring vitamin D levels in individuals with metabolic risk factors is crucial for early intervention. Further research is needed to explore the interaction between vitamin D, lifestyle, and metabolic health in diverse populations.
Key words: Vitamin D, metabolic health, lifestyle factors, Nepal