Year: 2023 | Month: December | Volume: 13 | Issue: 12 | Pages: 328-336
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20231239
Placental Site Implantation Disorders and Its Implications in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy
Dr Mukulika Sharma1, Dr Aditi V. Phulpagar2, Dr Ankita Mathur3
1Resident Doctor, 2Associate Professor, 3Assistant Professor
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Corresponding Author: Dr Mukulika Sharma
ABSTRACT
Background: The placenta, a temporary but indispensable organ of pregnancy, normally implants itself into the upper uterine segment. Sometimes, it may encroach upon the lower segment or attach itself too deeply into the uterine wall. This abnormal implantation leads to a myriad of complications affecting both the mother and fetus. Our study aims to highlight the risk factors and outcomes of such high-risk pregnancies.
Methods: A prospective observational study conducted in a public sector tertiary care institute from September 2020 to August 2022. 100 cases diagnosed with abnormal placental implantation were enrolled post-delivery and followed up till discharge from hospital.
Results: The prevalence of placenta previa was 8 in 1000 pregnancies. Majority of the cases were booked at the study institute. Age, parity, assisted reproductive techniques, previous uterine surgeries were identified as risk factors. All complications such as postpartum hemorrhage, need for obstetric hysterectomy, blood transfusions, prolonged hospital stay, prolonged need for antibiotics were higher in major placenta previa compared to minor variety. Prematurity was found to be the major fetal adverse outcome.
Conclusions: The study highlights the higher association of placenta previa in the cases with previous caesarean section and uterine curettage. Neonates born to women with placenta previa are at risk of preterm delivery, low birth weight, and respiratory distress syndrome. All cases of placenta previa must be managed at higherPlacenta previa, Placenta accreta spectrum, Caesarean, Feto-maternal Outcomes