Year: 2023 | Month: December | Volume: 13 | Issue: 12 | Pages: 293-299
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20231235
A Role of Prophylactic Antibiotics in Preventing Surgical Site Infection: Current Practice and Future Direction
Dr. P. Dhivyaprasath1, Abi Monika A P2, Aarthi A3, S. Abirami4, Aditya J5
1Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacy Practice, 2,3,4,5 Pharm. D Interns,
Swamy Vivekanandha College of Pharmacy, Elayampalayam, Tiruchengode – 637205, Namakkal District, Tamil Nadu, India.
Corresponding Author: Dr. P. Dhivyaprasath
ABSTRACT
A surgical site infection (SSI) occurs within 30 days after surgery. SSIs can present as deep infections affecting the muscle and fascia or superficial infections. Every year, between 160,000 and 300,000 people are diagnosed with surgical site infections. SSI causes a significant burden on healthcare systems. One of the most important strategies to avoid SSIs is antibiotic prophylaxis. The level of incidence of SSI that has persisted for several decades in spite of advances in prophylactic antibiotic therapy and preoperative bacterial decolonization. There is no doubt that rigorous adherence to numerous evidence-based interventions concerning perioperative sterility, technique, and prophylaxis are essential. This review highlights the significant impact of SSIs on patient morbidity, healthcare resources and the importance of preventive measures. It also emphasizes the need for adherence to infection prevention guidelines. Additionally, it stresses the role of antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing SSI and the challenges posed by multi drug resistant bacteria. It concludes that it is necessary to manage and prevent SSIs to improve patient outcomes and to reduce healthcare costs.
Key words: Surgical site infection, MRSA, Antibiotic therapy, Antibiotic resistance, Emerging trends.