Year: 2023 | Month: December | Volume: 13 | Issue: 12 | Pages: 215-222
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20231226
Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases in Women with Gestational Diabetes
Karra. Geetha1, R. Sakshi2, T. Chandana2, Ch. Sai Chandu2, T. Rama Rao3
1Associate Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics, CMR College Of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, Telangana.
2Department of Pharm D, CMR College Of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, Telangana
3Principal, CMR College Of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, Telangana
Corresponding Author: Karra Geetha
ABSTRACT
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a condition characterized by glucose intolerance during pregnancy, has been associated with a range of pregnancy related complications and long-term health risks. This review focuses on the emerging evidence connecting GDM to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in women. While the link between GDM and the subsequent development of type 2 diabetes has been well established, recent studies have also revealed a heightened risk of CVD in women with a history of GDM. The increased risk of CVD appears independent of concurrent type 2 diabetes onset. Various factors, including insulin resistance, obesity, genetic predisposition, and placental hormone effects, contribute to the complex pathophysiology underlying the connection between GDM and CVD. This review discusses the epidemiology, aetiology, and pathophysiology of CVD risk in women with GDM, emphasizing changes in circulatory system, markers for CVD, and potential diagnostic indicators. Management strategies encompass lifestyle modifications, medications, blood sugar monitoring and postpartum monitoring. The review concludes by highlighting the importance of early identification and intervention of cardiovascular risk factors in women with a history of GDM, and the necessity for further research into preventive measures and targeted interventions to mitigate the long-term cardiovascular impact of GDM.
Key words: Gestational diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, pregnancy, hyperglycaemia, insulin, blood sugar.