Review Article
Year: 2022 | Month: February | Volume: 12 | Issue: 2 | Pages: 110-114
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20220215
Diagnosis and Pharmacological Management of Parkinson’s Disease: A Review
Aiperi Almanbekova1
1Neurology Resident, Osh State University, Osh, Kyrgyzstan
ABSTRACT
Parkinson's disease is a common and progressive neurological illness affecting persons aged 55 to 65. Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurological disorder. It has the potential to result in considerable impairment and a low quality of life. However, symptomatic medications may assist patients in living more comfortably. Apart from distal resting tremor and stiffness, the condition manifests itself via bradykinesia and an asymmetric start. Progressive motor and non-motor symptoms have a detrimental effect on an individual's overall quality of life. Non-motor symptoms are increasingly gaining recognition. It might be difficult to treat both motor and non-motor complaints. As a result, primary care physicians should be capable of diagnosing and treating Parkinson's disease. The article examines various healthcare practitioners' diagnosis accuracy and their use of multiple diagnostic procedures to differentiate Parkinson's disease from other comparable illnesses. There is no cure for Parkinson's disease, although there are treatments. On the other hand, it examines non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Drug-induced dyskinesia is a side effect of levodopa, the primary Parkinson's disease medication. Treatment with a dopamine agonist initially alleviates motor problems. Alternative medications (monoamine oxidase type B inhibitors (MAOBIs), amantadine, anticholinergics, b-blockers, or dopamine agonists) may be provided first to avoid levodopa-related motor difficulties. Modifying the levodopa dosage or adding MAOBIs or dopamine agonists may assist in regulating motor fluctuations. Primary care doctors will benefit from this article's focus on early diagnosis and pharmaceutical treatment of Parkinson's disease's characteristic motor symptoms. Parkinson's disease-related motor symptoms may be treated with levodopa and dopamine agonists, according to several trials. No evidence exists to back up alternative treatments for motor or non-motor symptoms. A subspecialist's opinion is often sought.
Key words: Parkinson disease, tremor, levodopa, dopamine.