Original Research Article
Year: 2020 | Month: November | Volume: 10 | Issue: 11 | Pages: 58-65
The Prevalence of Natural Mixed Infection of T. congolense and T. vivax in Cattle from Selected Abattoirs in Kaduna Metropolis, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Muhammad Asmau Asabe1, Joachim Joseph Ajakaiye2, Lami Onyeche Danladi3, Bintu Mohammed4, Fatima Sambo5, Khadijat Omotosho6, Kabiru Yakubu Jarmai7
1Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis (and Onchocerciasis) Research, Kano Liaison Office, Kano State Epidemiology Unit, Infectious Diseases Hospital, France Road, Kano State, Nigeria.
2Deputy Project Officer, Pan African Tsetse and Trypanosomiasis Eradication Campaign, Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis Research (NITR), No. 1 Surame Road, P. M. B. 2077, U/Rimi, Kaduna, Nigeria.
3Research Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation Socio-economic Statistics Department, Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis, Research, No. 1 Surame Road, U/Rimi, P. M. B. 2077, Kaduna, Nigeria.
4Extension Services Unit, Consultancy and Extension Services Division, Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis, Research, No. 1 Surame Road, U/Rimi, P. M. B. 2077, Kaduna, Nigeria.
5Vector and Parasitology Department, Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis, Research, No. 1 Surame Road, U/Rimi, P. M. B. 2077, Kaduna, Nigeria.
6Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis Reseach Ilorin Office, Ilorin, Kwara State.
7Human African Trypanosomiasis Research Department, Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis Research, No. 1 Surame Road, P. M. B. 2077, U/Rimi, Kaduna, Nigeria.
Corresponding Author: Muhammad Asmau Asabe
ABSTRACT
Animal Trypanosomosis is a complex disease of animals found in Africa causing serious economic loss in animal production. This study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of natural mixed infection in cattle from selected abattoirs in Kaduna metropolis. Wet mount and packed cell volume was used to detect the presence of trypanosomes in blood of cows which showed a prevalence of 17% for T. congolense and 4.3% for T. vivax while mixed infection of 1.3% was observed from two abattoirs. Tudun-wada abattoir was statistically significant at p<0.005. Further analysis conducted using PCR technique showed the presence of genomic DNA of trypanosomes from positive samples obtained from wet mount method as seen in plate 1. Primers TCS 344-345 for T. congolense at 437bp and TVW1-2 for T. vivax at 399bp confirms the presence of both as seen in plate 2. In conclusion, this study shows the presence of both parasites in natural mixed infection in cattle from tudun-wada and kawo abattoirs in 4 cows each. Therefore, it shows that T. congolense and T. vivax as single and mixed infection can impact negatively on the health of cattle showing severe and mixed infection occurs in the field. This also indicates that natural mixed infection can occur in the field invading the immune system of affected hosts. This suggests that microscopy and PCR should be used alongside for effective detection of these parasites so as to combat the menace of African Animal Trypanosomosis.
Key words: Wet mount, Packed cell volume, T. vivax, T. congolense, Mixed infection, PCR.