Review Article
Year: 2017 | Month: March | Volume: 7 | Issue: 3 | Pages: 326-331
Genotoxic Effect of Local & Commercial Arecanut & Tobacco Products- A Review
Shreedevi.B1, Shaila M2, Sreejyothi. H K1, Gururaj M P3
1PG Student, 2Professor,
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, KVG Dental College and Hospital, Sullia - 574 237, D.K, Karnataka, India.
3Department of Pharmacology, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nitte University, Derallakaate-575018, Karnataka, India.
Corresponding Author: Shreedevi. B
ABSTRACT
Oral cancer progression is a multistep process which includes genetic alterations induced by DNA damage representing the genetic, epigenetic and phenotypic changes which are the hallmarks of carcinogenesis. DNA damage could result either from various carcinogens accumulating from etiologic influences or due to genetic errors. Tobacco, alcohol, betel nut are most commonly classified carcinogens in oral cancer. In Asian culture betel nut is traditionally masticated either alone or as a quid along with a variety of ingredients such as betel leaf, slaked lime, catechu, different types of tobacco and various additives, perfumes, and stimulants. With the emergence of commercial gutkha about three decades ago, not only did the Indian market witness massive growth in the sales of smokeless tobacco and areca nut products, but also a huge worldwide export market developed. The packaging revolution has made these products portable, cheap and convenient, with the added advantage of a long shelfâlife.There is an increasing trend of consuming these pre-packaged easily available pan masala, gutkha among younger generation. Hence the present review focuses on the genotoxic effect of local areca nut & smokeless tobacco preparation (betel quid) and pre-packaged arecanut and tobacco preparation.
Key words: Genotoxicity, DNA, betel quid, pan masala, Gutkha.